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Separable Words (2): 离合词

In Chinese, separable words (离合词 — líhécí) generally cannot take a direct object immediately after them. If a sentence includes a complement of result, frequency, duration, or the aspect particle 了, these elements must be inserted into the middle of the separable word (between its verb and noun components).

Grammar Rules

1. No Direct Objects: Because separable words already consist of an internal Verb + Noun structure, you cannot attach another object directly after the whole word.

2. Placement of Complements & Particles: Complements of result (e.g., 完), frequency (e.g., 两次), or the particle 了 are inserted directly inside (Verb + Complement/Particle + Noun).

3. Indicating a Partner or Target: When an action involves or targets another person, that person is introduced before the separable word using prepositions like 跟 (gēn) or 和 (hé) (跟/和 + Person + Separable Word).

Grammar Structure

Verb + Result / Frequency / 了 + Noun 跟 / 和 + Person + Separable Word

Examples

(Zuó)(tiān)(yóu)(wán)(yǒng)()(hòu)()(de)(ěr)(duo)()(zhí)(yǒu)点儿(diǎnr)(téng)
Yesterday after I finished swimming, my ear kept hurting a bit.
(Jīn)(nián)(xià)(tiān)(zhǐ)(xià)(le)(liǎng)()()
It only rained twice this summer.
(Xiǎo)(Zhāng)(xià)()(yuè)(gēn)()()(péng)(you)(jié)(hūn)
Xiao Zhang is getting married to his girlfriend next month.

Important Note

Common Mistakes: Adding a target object or complement after the entire separable word is grammatically incorrect: “结婚她” (INCORRECT) → “跟她结婚” (CORRECT). “游泳完” (INCORRECT) → “游完泳” (CORRECT). Duration & Frequency Placement: Time duration and action frequency always split the separable word (e.g., 游泳 → 游了一小时泳 — swam for an hour).