The aspect particle “过”
In Chinese “过” (guo) follows the verb and shows that an action took place in the past and is not going on now.
The form usually conveys experience:
“I have (once) …”
Basic structure
Subject + verb + 过 + object
For example:
我吃过饺子。— I have eaten jiaozi.
The negative
To negate, put 没（有）before the verb.
Subject + 没（有）+ verb + 过 + object
Examples
她去过中国。
She has been to China.
她 + 去 + 过 + 中国
she + go + 过 + China
她she
去go
过marks that the experience happened
中国China
The sentence means she has been to China at some point.
我吃过饺子，很好吃。
I have eaten jiaozi — they are delicious.
我 + 吃 + 过 + 饺子
I + eat + 过 + jiaozi
我I
吃eat
过marks that the experience happened
饺子jiaozi
很好吃very tasty
她没去过中国。
She has never been to China.
她 + 没 + 去 + 过 + 中国
she + not + go + 过 + China
没have not
去过中国have been to China
Here 没 comes before the verb and denies the experience.
The question forms
There are three question forms with “过”.
Form 1: add “吗？” at the end.
Sentence + 吗？
我们来过这家商场吗？
Have we been to this shopping mall before?
Form 2: add “没有？” at the end.
Sentence + 没有？
陈天中吃过饺子没有？
Has Chen Tianzhong eaten jiaozi?
Form 3: “verb + 没 + verb + 过”.
Verb + 没 + verb + 过 + object？
你看没看过那个电影？
Have you seen that film or not?
看 + 没 + 看 + 过
watch + not + watch + 过
Quick rule
Affirmative:
Verb + 过
去过中国 — has been to China
吃过饺子 — has eaten jiaozi
Negative:
没（有）+ verb + 过
没去过中国 — has never been to China
Question:
……过……吗？
or
……过……没有？
or
verb + 没 + verb + 过……？