Sentences with a nominal predicate
In Chinese, noun-predicate sentences (míngcí wèiyǔ jù) are sentences made up of nothing but a noun or a noun phrase.
In such sentences the predicate usually expresses:
a time; a date; an age; a year.
Basic structure
Subject + noun / noun phrase
That is, no separate verb is used as the predicate.
今天几号?
今天jīntiāntoday
几号jǐ hàowhat date
Here 几号 is a noun phrase serving as the predicate of the sentence.
今天5月1号
今天jīntiāntoday
5月1号wǔ yuè yī hàoMay 1st
Here 5月1号 is a noun phrase naming a date and serving as the predicate.
我妹妹12岁
我妹妹wǒ mèimeimy younger sister
12岁shí'èr suì12 years old
Here 12岁 is a noun phrase naming an age and serving as the predicate.